AIDS: Issues discussed at the 39th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC) are presented. A presentation by Dr. Anthony Fauci of the National Institute of Health (NIH) on the control of HIV, particularly Alatent pools@ of HIV-infected CD4 cells, is described. Fauci recommends achieving adequate control by having a competent immune system, enhancing the weakened immune system, and purging the reservoir of latently-infected cells. In addition, a presentation on treatment failure by Dr. John Mellors is also discussed in detail. Mellors' suggestions include checking drug levels, studying the rate of progression, and considering prior drug experience, before resorting to salvage therapy. Results of trials featuring efavirenz, abacavir, and Saquinavir are described. Summaries of other topics addressed at ICAAC, including a new class of drugs called fusion inhibitors, are provided.