Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent angiogenic factor associated with the growth and metastasis of various cancers and plays a prominent role in vesical angiogenesis regulation. In this study, we investigated the effect of the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) on the expression of VEGF in human bladder transitional carcinoma cells (RT4). RT4 cells expressed three VEGF isoforms (VEGF(189), VEGF(165), VEGF(121)). PMA increased VEGF mRNA expression time-dependently with a peak at 4 h. PMA increased the half-life of VEGF mRNA. The amount of VEGF protein in conditioned media was increased by PMA in a dose-dependent manner with a maximal effect at 10(-7) M. Staurosporine and calphostin C (PKC inhibitors) decreased PMA-induced VEGF mRNA expression as opposed to protein kinase A or cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinase inhibitors. Thus, in RT4 cells, VEGF expression is up-regulated by PMA via the PKC signalling pathway and according to a posttranscriptional mechanism.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / metabolism*
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Culture Media, Conditioned / chemistry
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Endothelial Growth Factors / biosynthesis*
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Endothelial Growth Factors / genetics
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Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology
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Humans
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Lymphokines / biosynthesis*
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Lymphokines / genetics
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Protein Isoforms / biosynthesis
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Protein Isoforms / genetics
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Protein Kinase C / antagonists & inhibitors
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Protein Kinase C / physiology*
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RNA Stability / drug effects
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RNA, Messenger / biosynthesis
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Signal Transduction*
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Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / pharmacology
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Transcription, Genetic
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Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Up-Regulation
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Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / metabolism*
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
Substances
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Culture Media, Conditioned
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Endothelial Growth Factors
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Enzyme Inhibitors
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Lymphokines
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Protein Isoforms
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RNA, Messenger
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VEGFA protein, human
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
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Protein Kinase C
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Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate