Respiratory morbidity is an important complication of elective caesarean section. The presence of labour preceding caesarean section reduces the risk of neonatal respiratory morbidity. Recently, it has been shown that the incidence of respiratory morbidity is lower in infants with a gestational age of at least 39(+0) weeks at elective caesarean section compared to infants with a gestational age less than 39(+0) weeks.This article describes the results of a 5-year retrospective study on the incidence of respiratory distress in term neonates delivered by elective caesarean section in relation to gestational age and provides a literature review on neonatal respiratory morbidity following elective caesarean section.