Abstract
Many oncogenes induce expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a key factor in tumor angiogenesis. Phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K)/Akt is a common signaling pathway for oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes and is involved in VEGF regulation. Because hypoxia is a major stimulus for VEGF production, we examined the effects of LY294002, a selective PI3K inhibitor, on hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha and HIF-2alpha expression and on endogenous VEGF responses to hypoxia. A panel of breast cancer cell lines reflecting the different genetic changes occurring in human breast cancer was analyzed. LY294002 inhibited HIF-1alpha induction and phosphorylation under hypoxia. However, HIF-2alpha expression was not affected. Basal and hypoxia-inducible VEGF expression was reduced at both mRNA and protein levels by 50%. V12-ras overexpression resulted in an increase in hypoxia-induced HIF-1alpha and HIF-2alpha expression. This effect was blocked by PI3K inhibitor, demonstrating one mechanism for ras synergy with hypoxia-mediated induction of genes. The decreased HIF-1alpha expression was not dependent on VHL interaction because a renal carcinoma cell line with VHL mutation and constitutive high HIF-1alpha expression also showed down-regulation of HIF-1alpha after treatment with LY294002. These results have implications for the use of PI3K inhibitors to inhibit synergistic effects of hypoxia with a wide range of common oncogenes.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors
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Blotting, Western
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Breast Neoplasms / genetics
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Breast Neoplasms / metabolism
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Carcinoma, Renal Cell / genetics
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Carcinoma, Renal Cell / metabolism
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Cell Hypoxia / physiology
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Chromones / pharmacology
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DNA-Binding Proteins / biosynthesis*
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DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics
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DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism
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Endothelial Growth Factors / biosynthesis*
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Endothelial Growth Factors / genetics
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Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology
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Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
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Humans
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Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1
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Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit
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Kidney Neoplasms / genetics
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Kidney Neoplasms / metabolism
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Ligases*
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Lymphokines / biosynthesis*
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Lymphokines / genetics
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Morpholines / pharmacology
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Mutation
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Nuclear Proteins / biosynthesis*
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Nuclear Proteins / genetics
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Nuclear Proteins / metabolism
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PTEN Phosphohydrolase
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Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / physiology*
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Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors
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Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / biosynthesis
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Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / genetics
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Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases*
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Proteins / genetics*
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins / biosynthesis
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins / genetics
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins / physiology*
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
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RNA, Messenger / biosynthesis
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RNA, Messenger / genetics
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Signal Transduction / physiology
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Trans-Activators / biosynthesis*
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Trans-Activators / genetics
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Transcription Factors*
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Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Tumor Suppressor Proteins*
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Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases*
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Ubiquitins / metabolism
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
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Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein
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ras Proteins / biosynthesis
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ras Proteins / genetics*
Substances
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Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors
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Chromones
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DNA-Binding Proteins
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Endothelial Growth Factors
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Enzyme Inhibitors
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HIF1A protein, human
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Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1
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Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit
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Lymphokines
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Morpholines
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Nuclear Proteins
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Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors
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Proteins
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins
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RNA, Messenger
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Trans-Activators
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Transcription Factors
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Tumor Suppressor Proteins
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Ubiquitins
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
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endothelial PAS domain-containing protein 1
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2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
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Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
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Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein
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AKT1 protein, human
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Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
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Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases
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PTEN Phosphohydrolase
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PTEN protein, human
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ras Proteins
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Ligases
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VHL protein, human