c-myc is a downstream target of the Smad pathway

J Biol Chem. 2002 Jan 4;277(1):854-61. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M104170200. Epub 2001 Oct 31.

Abstract

c-Myc is one of the most potent regulators of cell cycle progression in higher eukaryotes. Down-regulation of c-Myc is a critical event for growth inhibition induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and is frequently impaired in cancer cells. We determined a Smad-responsive element in the c-myc promoter. This element is a complex of the TGF-beta1 inhibitory element (TIE) originally identified in the transin/stromelysin promoter and an E2F site responsible for transcriptional activation of the c-myc promoter. Smad3 and E2F-4 directly bound to the element (TIE/E2F), and substitution of two nucleotides in TIE/E2F impaired binding of both Smad3 and E2F-4 as well as serum-induced activation and TGF-beta-induced suppression of the c-myc promoter activity. Smads bound TIE/E2F within 1 h after stimulation with TGF-beta, before the suppression of c-myc transcription, whereas binding of p130 to TIE/E2F became augmented later than 12 h. TGF-beta signaling did not compete with E2F-4 for binding to TIE/E2F, but reduced p300 co-immunoprecipitating with E2F-4. Therefore, TGF-beta signaling may suppress c-myc promoter activity by dissociating p300 from E2F-4.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • COS Cells
  • Cell Cycle Proteins*
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism*
  • E2F Transcription Factors
  • E2F4 Transcription Factor
  • Genes, myc*
  • Humans
  • Nuclear Proteins / metabolism
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic*
  • Response Elements*
  • Retinoblastoma Protein / metabolism
  • Smad2 Protein
  • Smad3 Protein
  • Trans-Activators / metabolism*
  • Transcription Factors / metabolism
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta / pharmacology

Substances

  • Cell Cycle Proteins
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • E2F Transcription Factors
  • E2F4 Transcription Factor
  • E2F4 protein, human
  • Nuclear Proteins
  • Retinoblastoma Protein
  • SMAD2 protein, human
  • SMAD3 protein, human
  • Smad2 Protein
  • Smad3 Protein
  • Trans-Activators
  • Transcription Factors
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta