Background: The nutcracker syndrome is a rare condition thought to be caused by compression of the left renal vein between the descending aorta and the superior mesenteric artery.
Case: Gross hematuria appeared in the third trimester of an otherwise normal pregnancy. It continued despite treatment, and a cesarean was performed at 37 weeks' gestation. The hematuria stopped postpartum. With postpartum angiography and three-dimensional computed tomography, the diagnosis of nutcracker syndrome was finally made.
Conclusion: Pregnancy can aggravate the nutcracker syndrome. This syndrome should be recognized as one of the diseases that causes gross hematuria.