Effect on compliance, acceptability of blood glucose self-monitoring and HbA(1c) of a self-monitoring system developed according to patient's wishes. The ACCORD study

Diabetes Metab. 2001 Dec;27(6):681-7.

Abstract

Objectives: To test a blood glucose monitor developed upon diabetic's recommendations (Glucotrend Premium). Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) generates hope when introduced, however several studies questioned its efficacy and many diabetics judge it too constraining.

Material and methods: Thirty diabetes centres in France, for 6 months in 179 insulin-treated diabetics, using SMBG but non optimally and with HbA(1c) (>=130% of the upper limit). Randomisation to 3 groups: either their previous system (Group A), or to the Glucotrend Premium monitor with a memory to assess compliance (Group B), or to another monitor, new for the patient, and with a memory too, the One Touch Profile (Group C). At entry, and then at 3 and 6 months, patients had an acceptability and compliance questionnaire, HbA(1c), count of weekly hypoglycaemia, record of insulin doses and an assessment of the key compliance factors.

Results: HbA(1c) improved significantly in the 3 groups, more markedly in groups B (Glucotrend) and C (One Touch), e.g. - 0.6 +/- 1.1% (group A), - 0.9 +/- 1.2% (group B) and - 1.0 +/- 0.9% (group C) at M6. Acceptability was judged better for groups B and C, an additional benefit for Glucotrend: better accuracy vs laboratory blood glucose (C/L) determinations and a lower utilisation cost. Intermediate (lente) and regular insulin doses only significantly decreased (26% and 10% respectively) in group B (Glucotrend) despite a decrease in HbA(1c). Compliance (defined as 75-150% of recommended self-monitoring) improved within the 3 groups (from 34% to 65%), this improvement was maintained after month 3 (M6: 76%) only in group B (Glucotrend), vs a worsening in groups A and C (M6: 62 and 57% respectively). A better accuracy of C/L was observed with Glucotrend at M0, M3 and M6.

Conclusion: SMBG has limits due to various causes, and to specific difficulties of this invasive and repetitive technique. The development of a system based on advices formulated by patients themselves, Glucotrend Premium, has resulted in a marked improvement on acceptability, compliance and glucose control.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Blood Glucose / analysis
  • Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring* / instrumentation*
  • Capillaries
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / blood*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / drug therapy
  • Female
  • Glycated Hemoglobin / analysis*
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemia / epidemiology
  • Hypoglycemia / etiology
  • Insulin / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Patient Acceptance of Health Care*
  • Patient Compliance*
  • Sensitivity and Specificity

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Glycated Hemoglobin A
  • Insulin