The analysis of lung cancer risk factors among male population was based on the data of a retrospective cohort study conducted during 1976-1996 in Xuanwei, China. The results verified that the indoor air pollution from burning smoky coal was the main cause of high lung cancer mortality, and found that cigarette smoking was also significantly related with the lung cancer mortality. Using risk state analysis theory, fuel types(including household stove improvement), smoking and the history of chronic bronchitis were selected as the covariance for the analysis. A risk state analysis model for male lung cancer in Xuanwei was established. The model can be used to quantitatively estimate the risk of lung cancer and to determine high risk population and individuals. The model is helpful for the prevention of lung cancer in Xuanwei.