Downregulation of IL-6-induced STAT3 tyrosine phosphorylation by TGF-beta1 is mediated by caspase-dependent and -independent processes

Leukemia. 2002 Apr;16(4):675-82. doi: 10.1038/sj.leu.2402425.

Abstract

To explore the possible cross-talk between the IL-6 and TGF-beta1 pathways in AML blast cells, the effect of TGF-beta1 pretreatment on IL-6-induced STAT3 tyrosine phosphorylation was studied. A reduction of STAT3 tyrosine phosphorylation after TGF-beta1 pretreatment was observed in four out of 40 AML cases (10%), although all of the AML cases responded to TGF-beta1 by means of SMAD3 translocation. The reduced IL-6-mediated STAT3 tyrosine phosphorylation after pre-treatment with TGF-beta1 was associated with apoptosis and coincided with the degradation of certain cellular proteins, including JAK1 and -2 and Tyk2, without affecting the ERK expression and phosphorylation. Furthermore, treatment of AML blasts with the cytostatic agent VP16, as an alternative way to induce apoptosis, resulted in a similar degree of degradation of JAK kinases and concomitant reduction of IL-6-mediated STAT3 tyrosine phosphorylation. Although degradation of JAK kinases could be rescued by incubating the cells with the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-fmk, the attenuating effect of TGF-beta1 treatment on the STAT3 tyrosine phosphorylation was still partly present. It was shown that in AML cells cultured in the presence of Z-VAD-fmk, TGF-beta1 pretreatment resulted in a reduction of JAK1 phosphorylation upon IL-6 stimulation. Expression of SOCS1 and -3 could be ruled out as a possible cause of reduced JAK1 phosphorylation levels in the investigated AML case.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones / pharmacology
  • Annexin A5 / metabolism
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / metabolism
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / pharmacology
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Blotting, Western
  • Carrier Proteins / genetics
  • Carrier Proteins / metabolism
  • Caspase 3
  • Caspase Inhibitors
  • Caspases / metabolism*
  • Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism*
  • Down-Regulation
  • Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay
  • Epithelial Cells / drug effects
  • Etoposide / metabolism
  • Etoposide / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Interleukin-6 / pharmacology*
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins*
  • Janus Kinase 1
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / metabolism*
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / pathology
  • Phosphorylation
  • Protein Transport
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / metabolism
  • Repressor Proteins*
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Smad3 Protein
  • Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 Protein
  • Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins
  • Trans-Activators / metabolism*
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta / pharmacology*
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta1
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured / drug effects
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured / metabolism
  • Tyrosine / metabolism

Substances

  • Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones
  • Annexin A5
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
  • Carrier Proteins
  • Caspase Inhibitors
  • Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Interleukin-6
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Repressor Proteins
  • SMAD3 protein, human
  • SOCS1 protein, human
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor
  • STAT3 protein, human
  • Smad3 Protein
  • Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 Protein
  • Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins
  • TGFB1 protein, human
  • Trans-Activators
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta1
  • benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone
  • Tyrosine
  • Etoposide
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
  • JAK1 protein, human
  • Janus Kinase 1
  • CASP3 protein, human
  • Caspase 3
  • Caspases