C53, cloned from rat brain cDNA library, can bind to p35, the precursor of activator of Cdk5. A novel gene with 84% homolog to C53, named IC53, was cloned from our 5300 EST database of human aorta cDNA library (GenBank Accession No. AF110322). Computational analysis showed that IC53 cDNA is 2538 bp long, encoding 419 amino acids, mapped to chromosome 17q21.31 with 12 exons, ubiquitously expressed in 12 tested normal tissues and 8 tumor cell lines from MTN membranes and vascular endothelial cells by Northern blot and in situ hybridization, and upregulated in the rat models of subacute heart failure and chronic ischemic heart failure by left coronary ligation. Stable transfection of IC53 stimulates ECV304 cell proliferation by 2.1-fold compared to cells with empty vector (P<0.05). The results support that IC53 is a novel gene, mainly expressed in vascular endothelial cells and mediates cell proliferation.