Solution structure of the DFF-C domain of DFF45/ICAD. A structural basis for the regulation of apoptotic DNA fragmentation

J Mol Biol. 2002 Aug 9;321(2):317-27. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(02)00588-0.

Abstract

DFF45/ICAD has dual functions in the final stage of apoptosis, by acting as both a folding chaperone and a DNase inhibitor of DFF40/CAD. Here, we present the solution structure of the C-terminal domain of DFF45, which is essential for its chaperone-like activity. The structure of this domain (DFF-C) consists of four alpha helices, which are folded in a novel helix-packing arrangement. The 3D structure reveals a large cluster of negatively charged residues on the molecular surface of DFF-C. This observation suggests that charge complementation plays an important role in the interaction of DFF-C with the positively charged catalytic domain of DFF40, and thus for the chaperone activity of DFF45. The structure of DFF-C also provides a rationale for the loss of the chaperone activity in DFF35, a short isoform of DFF45. Indeed, in DFF35, the amino acid sequence is truncated in the middle of the second alpha helix constituting the structure of DFF-C, and thus both the hydrophobic core and the cluster of negative charges are disrupted.

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins
  • Apoptosis*
  • Circular Dichroism
  • DNA Fragmentation*
  • HeLa Cells
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen / metabolism
  • Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
  • Models, Molecular
  • Molecular Chaperones / chemistry
  • Molecular Chaperones / metabolism
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular
  • Protein Folding
  • Protein Structure, Secondary
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • Proteins / chemistry*
  • Proteins / metabolism*
  • Solutions
  • Static Electricity
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins
  • Molecular Chaperones
  • Proteins
  • Solutions
  • caspase-activated DNase inhibitor
  • Hydrogen