The Authors examine etiology, incidence and hazards related to reoperation in thyroid surgery either for benign either for malignant pathology. The Authors present, then, 26 secondary operations performed in the Unit of Surgical Pathology of the Department of Surgical Sciences Chieti University: 15 for benign, 11 for malignant pathology. In the cases of thyroid malignant pathology, in 2 patients (operated in different hospitals) there was a parenchimatous recurrence, in 2 patients a lymphnodal recurrence. In all the patients a total thyroidectomy was performed, in one patient associated with lymphadenectomy. In the patients with lymphadenomatous recurrence a functional laterocervical lymphadenectomy was performed.