Constitutive exclusion of Csk from Hck-positive membrane microdomains permits Src kinase-dependent proliferation of Theileria-transformed B lymphocytes

Blood. 2003 Mar 1;101(5):1874-81. doi: 10.1182/blood-2002-02-0456. Epub 2002 Oct 31.

Abstract

Infection of bovine T cells and B cells with the intracellular protozoan parasite Theileria parva induces a transformed phenotype with characteristics comparable to leukemic cells. The transformed phenotype reverts on drug-induced parasite death, and the cured lymphocytes acquire a resting phenotype and eventually die by apoptosis if not further stimulated. Here, we show that both lymphocyte proliferation and activation of the transcription factor AP-1 are mediated by Src-family protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) in a parasite-dependent fashion. Src-family PTKs are known to be present in glycolipid-enriched microdomains (GEMs), also called lipid rafts, and to be negatively regulated by PTK Csk complexed to tyrosine-phosphorylated transmembrane adapter protein PAG (phosphoprotein associated with GEMs) also called Cbp (Csk-binding protein). We, therefore, purified GEMs from proliferating infected B cells and from growth-arrested cells that had been drug-cured of parasites. Proliferation arrest led to a striking increase of PAG/Cbp expression; correspondingly, the amount of Csk associated with PAG/Cbp in GEMs increased markedly, whereas PTK Hck accumulation in GEM fractions did not alter on growth arrest. We propose that Theileria-induced lymphocyte proliferation and permanent activation of Hck stems from down-regulation of PAG/Cbp and the concomitant constitutive loss of the negative regulator Csk from the GEMs of transformed B cells.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antiprotozoal Agents / pharmacology
  • B-Lymphocytes / enzymology
  • B-Lymphocytes / parasitology*
  • CSK Tyrosine-Protein Kinase
  • Cattle
  • Cell Division
  • Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
  • Enzyme Activation
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Lymphocyte Activation
  • Membrane Microdomains / enzymology*
  • Membrane Proteins / metabolism
  • Naphthoquinones / pharmacology
  • Phenotype
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / physiology
  • Phosphoproteins / metabolism
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / deficiency*
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / physiology*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / physiology*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-hck
  • Pyrimidines / pharmacology
  • Signal Transduction / physiology
  • Theileria parva / drug effects
  • Theileria parva / physiology*
  • Transcription Factor AP-1 / physiology
  • src-Family Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors
  • src-Family Kinases / physiology*

Substances

  • AG 1879
  • Antiprotozoal Agents
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Naphthoquinones
  • Phosphoproteins
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • Pyrimidines
  • Transcription Factor AP-1
  • buparvaquone
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
  • CSK Tyrosine-Protein Kinase
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-hck
  • src-Family Kinases