Direct thrombin inhibitor melagatran followed by oral ximelagatran in comparison with enoxaparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism after total hip or knee replacement

Thromb Haemost. 2003 Feb;89(2):288-96.

Abstract

We evaluated whether a postoperative regimen with melagatran followed by oral ximelagatran, two new direct thrombin inhibitors, was an optimal regimen for thromboprophylaxis in major orthopaedic surgery. In a double-blind study, 2788 patients undergoing total hip or knee replacement were randomly assigned to receive for 8 to 11 days either 3 mg of subcutaneous melagatran started 4-12 h postoperatively, followed by 24 mg of oral ximelagatran twice-daily or 40 mg of subcutaneous enoxaparin once-daily, started 12 h preoperatively. Ximelagatran was to be initiated within the first two postoperative days. The primary efficacy endpoint was venous thromboembolism (deep-vein thrombosis detected by mandatory venography, pulmonary embolism or unexplained death). The main safety endpoint was bleeding. Venous thromboembolism occurred in 355/1146 (31.0%) and 306/1122 (27.3%) patients in the ximelagatran and enoxaparin group, respectively, a difference in risk of 3.7% in favour of enoxaparin (p = 0.053). Bleeding was comparable between the two groups.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Comparative Study
  • Multicenter Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Anticoagulants / administration & dosage
  • Anticoagulants / adverse effects
  • Anticoagulants / therapeutic use*
  • Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip*
  • Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee*
  • Azetidines / administration & dosage
  • Azetidines / adverse effects
  • Azetidines / therapeutic use*
  • Benzylamines
  • Cause of Death
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Enoxaparin / administration & dosage
  • Enoxaparin / adverse effects
  • Enoxaparin / therapeutic use*
  • Female
  • Glycine / administration & dosage
  • Glycine / adverse effects
  • Glycine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Glycine / therapeutic use*
  • Hemorrhage / chemically induced
  • Humans
  • Injections, Subcutaneous
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Postoperative Complications / prevention & control*
  • Prodrugs / administration & dosage
  • Prodrugs / adverse effects
  • Prodrugs / therapeutic use
  • Prospective Studies
  • Pulmonary Embolism / prevention & control*
  • Safety
  • Thrombin / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Venous Thrombosis / prevention & control*

Substances

  • Anticoagulants
  • Azetidines
  • Benzylamines
  • Enoxaparin
  • Prodrugs
  • melagatran
  • ximelagatran
  • Thrombin
  • Glycine