Three-dimensional localization of divergent region 3 of the ryanodine receptor to the clamp-shaped structures adjacent to the FKBP binding sites

J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 18;278(16):14211-8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M213164200. Epub 2003 Feb 7.

Abstract

Of the three divergent regions of ryanodine receptors (RyRs), divergent region 3 (DR3) is the best studied and is believed to be involved in excitation-contraction coupling as well as in channel regulation by Ca(2+) and Mg(2+). To gain insight into the structural basis of DR3 function, we have determined the location of DR3 in the three-dimensional structure of RyR2. We inserted green fluorescent protein (GFP) into the middle of the DR3 region after Thr-1874 in the sequence. HEK293 cells expressing this GFP-RyR2 fusion protein, RyR2(T1874-GFP,) were readily detected by their green fluorescence, indicating proper folding of the inserted GFP. RyR2(T1874-GFP) was further characterized functionally by assays of Ca(2+) release and [(3)H]ryanodine binding. These analyses revealed that RyR2(T1874-GFP) functions as a caffeine- and ryanodine-sensitive Ca(2+) release channel and displays Ca(2+) dependence and [(3)H]ryanodine binding properties similar to those of the wild type RyR2. RyR2(T1874-GFP) was purified from cell lysates in a single step by affinity chromatography using GST-FKBP12.6 as the affinity ligand. The three-dimensional structure of the purified RyR2(T1874-GFP) was then reconstructed using cryoelectron microscopy and single particle image analysis. Comparison of the three-dimensional reconstructions of wild type RyR2 and RyR2(T1874-GFP) revealed the location of the inserted GFP, and hence the DR3 region, in one of the characteristic domains of RyR, domain 9, in the clamp-shaped structure adjacent to the FKBP12 and FKBP12.6 binding sites. COOH-terminal truncation analysis demonstrated that a region between 1815 and 1855 near DR3 is essential for GST-FKBP12.6 binding. These results provide a structural basis for the role of the DR3 region in excitation-contraction coupling and in channel regulation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Binding Sites
  • Blotting, Western
  • Calcium / metabolism
  • Calcium / pharmacology
  • Cell Line
  • Cryoelectron Microscopy
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Glutathione Transferase / metabolism
  • Green Fluorescent Proteins
  • Humans
  • Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
  • Kinetics
  • Luminescent Proteins / metabolism
  • Magnesium / pharmacology
  • Models, Molecular
  • Muscle, Skeletal / metabolism
  • Mutation
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Conformation
  • Protein Folding
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / metabolism
  • Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / chemistry*
  • Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / metabolism
  • Tacrolimus Binding Proteins / chemistry*
  • Tacrolimus Binding Proteins / metabolism
  • Transfection

Substances

  • Luminescent Proteins
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel
  • Green Fluorescent Proteins
  • Glutathione Transferase
  • Tacrolimus Binding Proteins
  • Magnesium
  • Calcium