Endothelial lamellar keratoplasty using an artificial anterior chamber and a microkeratome

Arch Ophthalmol. 2003 Apr;121(4):503-8. doi: 10.1001/archopht.121.4.503.

Abstract

Objective: To compare postoperative astigmatic change and graft stability using 2 different donor button diameters in endothelial lamellar keratoplasty to treat corneal endothelial failure.

Methods: A 200- micro m-thick corneal flap keratectomy was performed in human donor corneoscleral rims (n = 20; 10 donors and 10 recipients) using an artificial anterior chamber and a manual microkeratome (ALTK System; Moria USA, Doylestown, Pa). After flap reflection, stromal bed trephination was performed to obtain a disc consisting of posterior stroma, Descemet membrane, and endothelium. Host beds of 7.0 mm and 7.25-mm (n = 5) or 7.50-mm (n = 5) donor buttons were obtained using a freehand trephine. The graft was secured with 8 interrupted sutures (10-0 nylon) in the stromal bed. The flap was sutured with 3 interrupted sutures. Transplanted corneas were submitted to increasing intrachamber pressures to detect graft stability, and preoperative and postoperative videokeratographic data were recorded to assess astigmatic change.

Results: The mean (SD) postoperative astigmatic change was 1.14 (3.17) diopters (D) in the 7.25-mm donor button group and 2.27 (1.77) D in the 7.50-mm donor button group (P =.69). Mean (SD) resisted pressures of 75.4 (44.81) mm Hg and 100.4 (46.86) mm Hg were observed in the 7.25-mm and 7.50-mm groups, respectively (P =.54).

Conclusion: Both donor button sizes exhibited similar graft stability and astigmatic postoperative change in this experimental model.

Clinical relevance: As endothelial lamellar keratoplasty becomes further developed as a clinical alternative to penetrating keratoplasty, this laboratory model system should be useful in evaluating different mechanical factors that contribute to graft success.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Anterior Chamber*
  • Astigmatism / physiopathology
  • Biomechanical Phenomena
  • Corneal Diseases / physiopathology
  • Corneal Diseases / surgery*
  • Corneal Topography
  • Corneal Transplantation / instrumentation
  • Corneal Transplantation / methods*
  • Endothelium, Corneal / physiopathology
  • Endothelium, Corneal / surgery*
  • Female
  • Graft Survival / physiology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Models, Anatomic*
  • Postoperative Complications
  • Surgical Flaps
  • Tissue Donors