Induction of tumors in mice by genomic hypomethylation

Science. 2003 Apr 18;300(5618):489-92. doi: 10.1126/science.1083558.

Abstract

Genome-wide DNA hypomethylation occurs in many human cancers, but whether this epigenetic change is a cause or consequence of tumorigenesis has been unclear. To explore this phenomenon, we generated mice carrying a hypomorphic DNA methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1) allele, which reduces Dnmt1 expression to 10% of wild-type levels and results in substantial genome-wide hypomethylation in all tissues. The mutant mice were runted at birth, and at 4 to 8 months of age they developed aggressive T cell lymphomas that displayed a high frequency of chromosome 15 trisomy. These results indicate that DNA hypomethylation plays a causal role in tumor formation, possibly by promoting chromosomal instability.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Alleles
  • Animals
  • Birth Weight
  • Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
  • Chromosome Aberrations*
  • Chromosomes, Mammalian / genetics*
  • Chromosomes, Mammalian / physiology
  • DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1
  • DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases / genetics
  • DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases / metabolism
  • DNA Methylation*
  • Endogenous Retroviruses / genetics
  • Endogenous Retroviruses / physiology
  • Gene Expression
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Gene Rearrangement
  • Gene Rearrangement, beta-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor
  • Genes, myc
  • Heterozygote
  • Loss of Heterozygosity
  • Lymphoma, T-Cell / genetics*
  • Lymphoma, T-Cell / pathology
  • Mice
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Moloney murine leukemia virus / genetics
  • Moloney murine leukemia virus / physiology
  • Trisomy
  • Virus Activation

Substances

  • DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1
  • DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases
  • DNMT1 protein, human
  • Dnmt1 protein, mouse