Direct observation of stimulated-Brillouin-scattering detuning by a velocity gradient

Phys Rev Lett. 2003 Apr 18;90(15):155003. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.155003. Epub 2003 Apr 16.

Abstract

We report the first direct evidence of detuning of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) by a velocity gradient, which was achieved by directly measuring the frequency shift of the SBS-driven acoustic wave relative to the local resonant acoustic frequency. We show that in the expanding part of the plasma, ion-acoustic waves are driven off resonance which leads to the saturation of the SBS instability. These measurements are well reproduced by fluid simulations that include the measured flow.