Identification of small PDZK1-associated protein, DD96/MAP17, as a regulator of PDZK1 and plasma high density lipoprotein levels

J Biol Chem. 2003 Aug 1;278(31):28528-32. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M304109200. Epub 2003 May 15.

Abstract

Scavenger receptor class B, type I (SR-BI) is the high density lipoprotein (HDL) receptor essential for hepatic uptake of HDL cholesterol. SR-BI was shown to impact plasma HDL levels and be anti-atherogenic. Thus, the ability to regulate hepatic SR-BI may allow for the modulation of plasma HDL cholesterol and progression of atherosclerosis. However, regulation of SR-BI in liver is not well understood. Recently, the PDZ domain containing protein PDZK1 was shown to interact with SR-BI and may serve an essential role in SR-BI cell surface expression. Here we identify an in vivo PDZK1-interacting protein that we named small PDZK1-associated protein (SPAP; also known as DD96/MAP17). Unexpectedly, we found that hepatic overexpression of SPAP in mice resulted in liver deficiency of PDZK1. The absence of PDZK1 in SPAP transgenic mice resulted in a deficiency of SR-BI in liver and markedly increased plasma HDL. Metabolic labeling experiments showed that the proteasome plays a role in the turnover of newly synthesized PDZK1, but that SPAP overexpression in liver increased PDZK1 turnover in an alternate, proteasome-independent pathway. Thus, SPAP may be an endogenous regulator of cellular PDZK1 levels by regulating PDZK1 turnover.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acetylcysteine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Acetylcysteine / pharmacology
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • CD36 Antigens / genetics
  • CD36 Antigens / physiology
  • Cholesterol, HDL / blood*
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  • Cysteine Endopeptidases
  • Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Gene Expression
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Humans
  • Liver / chemistry
  • Liver / metabolism
  • Membrane Proteins / analysis
  • Membrane Proteins / chemistry
  • Membrane Proteins / genetics
  • Membrane Proteins / metabolism*
  • Membrane Proteins / physiology*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Multienzyme Complexes / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Neoplasm Proteins
  • Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex
  • Receptors, Immunologic*
  • Receptors, Lipoprotein*
  • Receptors, Scavenger
  • Scavenger Receptors, Class B
  • Transfection

Substances

  • CD36 Antigens
  • Cholesterol, HDL
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Multienzyme Complexes
  • Neoplasm Proteins
  • PDZK1IP1 protein, human
  • Pdzk1ip1 protein, mouse
  • Receptors, Immunologic
  • Receptors, Lipoprotein
  • Receptors, Scavenger
  • SCARB1 protein, human
  • Scarb1 protein, mouse
  • Scavenger Receptors, Class B
  • lactacystin
  • Cysteine Endopeptidases
  • Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex
  • Acetylcysteine

Associated data

  • GENBANK/AK008253