MANAGING THE RESPONSIBLE AGENT: Hepatic fibrosis with its end-point, cirrhosis, are the principle complications responsible for morbidity and mortality in chronic liver diseases. It is therefore important to address the question of whether these lesions can disappear, once installed in the liver. Regression can only occur when the agent responsible for the fibrosis (virus, alcohol, poison, iron, autoantibodies, etc) is eradicated or controlled. THE FORMS OF REGRESSION: Once the agent controlled, regression of fibrosis can either be spontaneous, a rare situation, although some bona fide cases of fibrosis or even cirrhosis reversion have been reported in the literature, or assisted by specific therapy. It is therefore necessary to take into consideration the development of new treatments based on enhanced knowledge of the mechanisms of fibrosis. THE ACTIVITY AND EFFICACY OF TREATMENTS: These treatments target one of the three following mechanisms: the blockade of hepatic stellate cell activation, enzymatic digestion of fibrous tissue and stimulation of liver cell regeneration. Although these treatments have shown efficacy on experimental models of fibrosis, to date, there are no published results formally confirming the efficacy and safety of these treatments in man.