A 70-year-old patient with two-vessel disease and moderately reduced left ventricular function after a recent myocardial infarction was admitted for a routine coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) procedure. During anesthetic induction, he became unstable and cardiopulmonary bypass had to be instituted urgently. Despite good bypass flows, the patient died in myocardial failure shortly after surgery. At autopsy, besides severe atherosclerotic coronary artery disease, cardiac and pulmonary amyloidosis were found.