Abstract
Leprosy presents as a clinical and immunological spectrum of disease. With the use of gene expression profiling, we observed that a distinction in gene expression correlates with and accurately classifies the clinical form of the disease. Genes belonging to the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor (LIR) family were significantly up-regulated in lesions of lepromatous patients suffering from the disseminated form of the infection. In functional studies, LIR-7 suppressed innate host defense mechanisms by shifting monocyte production from interleukin-12 toward interleukin-10 and by blocking antimicrobial activity triggered by Toll-like receptors. Gene expression profiles may be useful in defining clinical forms of disease and providing insights into the regulation of immune responses to pathogens.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Algorithms
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Cluster Analysis
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Colony Count, Microbial
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Cytokines / genetics
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Cytokines / metabolism
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Gene Expression Profiling*
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Gene Expression Regulation*
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Genes, Immunoglobulin
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Humans
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Immunity, Cellular
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Immunity, Innate
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Leprosy, Lepromatous / classification*
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Leprosy, Lepromatous / genetics*
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Leprosy, Lepromatous / immunology
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Leprosy, Lepromatous / physiopathology
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Leprosy, Tuberculoid / classification*
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Leprosy, Tuberculoid / genetics*
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Leprosy, Tuberculoid / immunology
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Leprosy, Tuberculoid / physiopathology
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Macrophages, Alveolar / microbiology
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Membrane Glycoproteins / immunology
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis / growth & development
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis / immunology
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Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
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Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Principal Component Analysis
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Receptors, Cell Surface / immunology
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Receptors, Immunologic / genetics
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Receptors, Immunologic / metabolism
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Toll-Like Receptors
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Up-Regulation
Substances
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Cytokines
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LILRA2 protein, human
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Membrane Glycoproteins
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Receptors, Cell Surface
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Receptors, Immunologic
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Toll-Like Receptors