We performed arterial infusion chemotherapy by injection of adriamycin plus Lipiodol after radical hepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma for prevention of tumor recurrence. The clinical studies showed that the 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year cumulative disease free rates were 87.5, 73.4, 52.4, 37.7% and 37.7% in patients with this chemotherapy, and 76.1, 46.5, 30.4, 30.4% and 30.4%, respectively in those without this chemotherapy, indicating a significant difference (p less than 0.05) between these two groups. This method of chemotherapy was particularly effective for patients with vascular involvement, intrahepatic metastasis or tumors more than 3cm in diameter.