We report a well-documented case of Castleman's disease which embodied all the main features of its localized forms, those most frequently described in the literature. This case was particular by its unusual intrapulmonary location and its intra-fissural development, which explains why the diagnosis was not considered preoperatively. A review of the literature showed that beside the localized forms of Castleman's disease multifocal forms have recently been reported; these have a much poorer prognosis, and their treatment has not yet been established.