Association of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with renal calculi is very rare. Herein we report a case of RCC developing in a non-functioning kidney containing multiple renal and ureteric calculi. Histologically, the kidney, in addition, revealed changes of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP). XGP can be confused clinically, grossly and microscopically with RCC. In the present case both were coexistent and thus make it interesting.