The incidence, predictors, and outcomes of early reinfarction after primary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction

J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003 Oct 1;42(7):1173-7. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(03)00920-3.

Abstract

Objectives: We sought to identify the incidence, predictors, and clinical consequences of one-month reinfarction (RE-MI) in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Background: One-month reinfarction after AMI significantly increases long-term mortality; however, little is known about the incidence and predictors of RE-MI in patients undergoing primary angioplasty.

Methods: We analyzed data from 3,646 patients who underwent primary PCI in the Primary Angioplasty in Acute Myocardial Infarction (PAMI) studies. We studied the incidence, correlates, and clinical outcomes of 30-day RE-MI.

Results: Reinfarction within one month of index hospitalization occurred in 77 (2.1%) of patients. In multivariate analysis, admission Killip class >1 (odds ratio [OR] 2.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09 to 3.76), left ventricular ejection fraction <50% (OR 2.49, 95% CI 1.30 to 4.74), final coronary stenosis >30% (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.28 to 5.15), and presence of coronary dissection (OR 2.40, 95% CI 1.36 to 4.24) and thrombus (OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.23 to 4.53) on the final angiogram were independent correlates of RE-MI. One-month reinfarction was independently associated with death (OR 7.14, 95% CI 3.28 to 15.5) and ischemic target vessel revascularization (I-TVR) (OR 15.0, 95% CI 8.68 to 26.0) at six months.

Conclusions: We conclude that, although early RE-MI is uncommon in patients treated by primary PCI, it is a significant independent predictor of death and I-TVR at six months. Admission Killip class >1 and left ventricular systolic dysfunction were associated with higher incidence of RE-MI. Our results suggest that optimal revascularization during primary PCI may decrease RE-MI rates.

MeSH terms

  • Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary*
  • Coronary Angiography
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardial Infarction / diagnostic imaging
  • Myocardial Infarction / etiology
  • Myocardial Infarction / mortality*
  • Myocardial Infarction / pathology
  • Myocardial Infarction / therapy*
  • New York City / epidemiology
  • Odds Ratio
  • Prognosis
  • Recurrence
  • Risk Factors
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Survival Analysis
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left