Tolerability of rofecoxib in patients with adverse reactions to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a study of 216 patients and literature review

Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2003 Sep;132(1):82-6. doi: 10.1159/000073268.

Abstract

Background: Adverse reactions to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequent, particularly among patients with chronic urticaria or asthma. The identification of an alternative safe and reliable drug is a common problem in clinical practice.

Objective: To assess the tolerability of rofecoxib, a new NSAID that selectively inhibits the inducible isoform of cyclooxygenase, in a large group of NSAID-sensitive patients.

Methods: We studied 216 patients (164 females and 52 males) who had suffered adverse reactions to one or more NSAIDs; 98 subjects (45.4%) had experienced reactions to only one NSAID (single hypersensitivity) and 118 subjects (54.6%) had reacted to multiple NSAIDs (multiple hypersensitivity). Cutaneous reactions were reported by 79.6% of the subjects, respiratory symptoms by 10.7%, cutaneous and respiratory symptoms by 8.3%, anaphylaxis by 1.4%. All the subjects underwent a single-blind, placebo-controlled oral challenge with divided therapeutic doses of rofecoxib (6.25 mg +18.75 mg 1 h later = cumulative dose of 25 mg).

Results: No reactions to the placebo were observed; only 1 subject (0.46%) experienced an urticarial reaction, after the second dose of rofecoxib.

Conclusions: Considering previous studies and our own data, rofecoxib was well tolerated by all of the 174 patients with exclusively NSAID-related respiratory symptoms. Rofecoxib also had a very low rate (1.6%) of cross-reactivity in the 600 patients with exclusively cutaneous reactions to NSAIDs.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Controlled Clinical Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / adverse effects*
  • Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / adverse effects*
  • Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Drug Hypersensitivity
  • Female
  • Forced Expiratory Volume / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Hypersensitivity / drug therapy*
  • Lactones / adverse effects*
  • Lactones / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Single-Blind Method
  • Sulfones

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
  • Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors
  • Lactones
  • Sulfones
  • rofecoxib