Raynaud's phenomenon: clinical spectrum of 118 patients

Clin Rheumatol. 2003 Oct;22(4-5):279-84. doi: 10.1007/s10067-003-0726-1.

Abstract

Objectives: To establish the prevalence of the associated secondary diseases in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) attending a rheumatology specialty centre and to determine the frequency with which a secondary illness develops in those having RP, in absence of a well-defined secondary cause.

Methods: 118 consecutive patients were evaluated. Medical history, physical and laboratory investigations entered into a database. Patients with primary RP and patients with RP who did not fulfil any diagnostic criteria for inclusion in a secondary form were followed up over a three-year period.

Results: 63 RP patients were found with related conditions. 35 patients met criteria for inclusion in a primary RP group, 20 patients had 'unclassifiable' RP, of which two (10%) developed a well-defined disease. None of the primary RP patients developed a secondary disease.

Conclusions: This study shows that less than 50% of patients with RP attending a rheumatology specialty centre have a connective tissue disease. Patients with isolated RP appear to have a benign disease, since primary RP remains as such, and only a small percentage of patients with 'unclassifiable' RP evolve into a well-defined CTD.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Distribution
  • Age of Onset
  • Aged
  • Cohort Studies
  • Connective Tissue Diseases / diagnosis*
  • Connective Tissue Diseases / epidemiology
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Italy / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Medical History Taking
  • Middle Aged
  • Physical Examination
  • Prognosis
  • Range of Motion, Articular / physiology
  • Raynaud Disease / diagnosis*
  • Raynaud Disease / epidemiology*
  • Risk Assessment
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Sex Distribution