Binding energies of water to sodiated valine and structural isomers in the gas phase: the effect of proton affinity on zwitterion stability

J Am Chem Soc. 2003 Nov 5;125(44):13576-84. doi: 10.1021/ja034544n.

Abstract

The structures of valine (Val) and methylaminoisobutyric acid (Maiba) bound to a sodium ion, both with and without a water molecule, are investigated using both theory and experiment. Calculations indicate that, without water, sodiated Val forms a charge-solvated structure in which the sodium ion coordinates to the nitrogen and the carbonyl oxygen (NO-coordination), whereas Maiba forms a salt-bridge structure in which the sodium ion coordinates to both carboxylate oxygens (OO-coordination). The addition of a single water molecule does not significantly affect the relative energies or structures of the charge-solvated and salt-bridge forms of either cluster, although in Maiba the mode of sodium ion binding is changed slightly by the water molecule. The preference of Maiba to adopt a zwitterionic form in these complexes is consistent with its higher proton affinity. Experimentally, the rates of water evaporation from clusters of Val.Na(+)(H(2)O) and Maiba.Na(+)(H(2)O) are measured using blackbody infrared radiative dissociation (BIRD). The dissociation rates from the Val and Maiba complexes are compared to water evaporation rates from model complexes of known structure over a wide range of temperatures. Master equation modeling of the BIRD kinetic data yields a threshold dissociation energy for the loss of water from sodiated valine of 15.9 +/- 0.2 kcal/mol and an energy of 15.1 +/- 0.3 kcal/mol for the loss of water from sodiated Maiba. The threshold dissociation energy of water for Val.Na(+)(H(2)O) is the same as that for the charge-solvated model isomers, while the salt-bridge model complex has the same water threshold dissociation energy as Maiba.Na(+)(H(2)O). These results indicate that the threshold dissociation energy for loss of a water molecule from these salt-bridge complexes is approximately 1 kcal/mol less than that for loss of water from the charge-solvated complexes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Butyrates / chemistry
  • Gases
  • Isobutyrates
  • Kinetics
  • Models, Molecular
  • Protons
  • Sodium / chemistry
  • Thermodynamics
  • Valine / chemistry*
  • Water / chemistry*

Substances

  • Butyrates
  • Gases
  • Isobutyrates
  • Protons
  • Water
  • isobutyric acid
  • Sodium
  • Valine