Chronic micro-inflammation is commonly observed in patients with chronic renal failure. However, the causes of this micro-inflammation remain mainly indeterminated. Therefore, the appropriate therapeutic management of uremic microinflammation is not yet established. Meanwhile, it appears to be reasonable to use current non-specific anti-inflammatory therapies (e.g. ACEI, statins) in order to reduce uremic micro-inflammation. However, it is clear that such an approach is not sufficient, and further strategies (e.g. vitamin E) are warranted to optimize uremic micro-inflammation prevention.