Implementation of a successful lifestyle intervention programme for New Zealand Maori to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease

Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2003;12(4):423-6.

Abstract

Lifestyle programmes have been shown to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes in European populations. The participation of Maori in many mainstream health programmes is poor. This study evaluates a lifestyle intervention programme which is acceptable to Maori and which has objective outcome measures to determine the effectiveness of the programme. Thirty six Maori men and women were recruited for a 4 month programme involving modification of diet and exercise. Insulin sensitivity was measured using a euglycaemic insulin clamp, body composition using dual-energy-absorptiometry and fitness using a submaximal exercise test. Secondary outcome measures included anthropometry, blood pressure, fasting glucose and insulin levels, and lipid profiles. There was a 24% improvement in insulin sensitivity (from 5.1 to 6.3 G/mIU/L, P=0.03, N=29). This was associated with a reduction of 3.1 kg in weight (95%CI -4 to -2) and a reduction of 7 mmHg in systolic blood pressure (95%CI -13, -1). This approach successfully reduced risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in New Zealand Maori in the short term.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism
  • Body Composition
  • Body Mass Index
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / epidemiology*
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / physiopathology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / prevention & control*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / epidemiology*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / physiopathology
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / prevention & control*
  • Exercise Test
  • Fasting / blood
  • Feeding Behavior*
  • Female
  • Health Plan Implementation*
  • Humans
  • Insulin / blood
  • Insulin Resistance
  • Life Style*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • New Zealand / epidemiology
  • Nutrition Surveys
  • Program Evaluation
  • Risk Factors
  • Risk Reduction Behavior

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Blood Glucose
  • Insulin