Varicella-zoster viral meningitis mimicking lymphoma

Leuk Lymphoma. 2003 Oct;44(10):1793-5. doi: 10.1080/10428190310001606521.

Abstract

We report the case of a 30-year-old HIV-infected man admitted for a meningeal syndrome and a zoster rash. The CSF had cytological features suggesting a primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL). The large lymphoid cells had a fine chromatin with nucleoli, a basophilic cytoplasm with azurophilic granules and high mitotic activity. Several arguments demonstrated the viral origin of the meningitis: the large lymphoid cells were of T origin with no evidence of clonal TCR gamma gene rearrangement. The PCR was positive for Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) and EBV DNA. Clinical evolution was favorable under acyclovir. We should be cautious in the differential diagnosis between viral meningitis and PCNSL.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Central Nervous System Neoplasms / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Central Nervous System Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Central Nervous System Neoplasms / virology*
  • DNA, Viral / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / virology
  • Ganciclovir / therapeutic use
  • Herpes Zoster / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Herpes Zoster / diagnosis*
  • Herpes Zoster / physiopathology
  • Herpesvirus 3, Human / isolation & purification
  • Herpesvirus 3, Human / pathogenicity*
  • Herpesvirus 4, Human / isolation & purification
  • Humans
  • Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / diagnosis
  • Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / virology*
  • Male
  • Meningitis, Viral / diagnosis*
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction

Substances

  • DNA, Viral
  • Ganciclovir