Transient hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism in males with acute toxoplasmosis: suppressive effect of interleukin-1 beta on the secretion of GnRH

Hum Reprod. 2004 Apr;19(4):859-66. doi: 10.1093/humrep/deh161. Epub 2004 Feb 27.

Abstract

Background: In September 2002, an outbreak of toxoplasmosis was noted in a male boarding high school on the Aegean coast of Turkey. We have focused our efforts to investigate the sex hormones in this population.

Methods: Blood samples were collected from 40 male patients, 17-18 years old, who also had positive titres of antibody to Toxoplasma gondii. Serum FSH, LH, free testosterone (FT), total testosterone (TT), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and macrophage-inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha) concentrations were measured in all patients and 20 control subjects. Initially, the patients were divided on the basis of the levels of sex hormones into the following groups: patients who had normal sex hormone levels (n = 31) as group A and patients with low sex hormone levels (n = 9) as group B.

Results: IL-1beta levels were found to be higher in group B patients than group A. The levels of IL-1beta correlated significantly in a negative manner with FSH, LH, FT and TT in all patients with acute toxoplasmosis (n = 40).

Conclusions: Acute toxoplasma infection may cause temporary hypogonadotrophic gonadal insufficiency regardless of the course of the disease.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Adolescent
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Follicle Stimulating Hormone / blood
  • Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Hypogonadism / parasitology*
  • Interleukin-1 / blood*
  • Luteinizing Hormone / blood
  • Male
  • Testosterone / blood
  • Time Factors
  • Toxoplasmosis / blood
  • Toxoplasmosis / complications*
  • Toxoplasmosis / metabolism*

Substances

  • Interleukin-1
  • Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone
  • Testosterone
  • Luteinizing Hormone
  • Follicle Stimulating Hormone