Antitumor activity of irofulven monotherapy and in combination with mitoxantrone or docetaxel against human prostate cancer models

Prostate. 2004 Apr 1;59(1):22-32. doi: 10.1002/pros.10351.

Abstract

Background: Irofulven (6-hydroxymethylacylfulvene, HMAF, MGI 114) is a novel antitumor agent currently undergoing clinical trials in hormone-refractory prostate cancer. This report examines the efficacy of irofulven alone or in combination with mitoxantrone or docetaxel against androgen-independent prostate cancer cell lines.

Methods: To elucidate the activity of irofulven monotherapy and in combination, PC-3 and DU-145 cell lines were utilized in cellular viability assessments and tumor growth inhibition studies.

Results: Viability assays with irofulven and mitoxantrone show additive to synergistic activity. Furthermore, irofulven and mitoxantrone in combination exhibit enhanced antitumor activity against PC-3 and DU-145 xenografts. Additive combination effects are also observed when irofulven and docetaxel were tested against PC-3 xenografts and curative activity (8/10 CR) is observed in DU-145 xenografts.

Conclusions: These studies demonstrate that irofulven displays strong activity as monotherapy and in combination with mitoxantrone or docetaxel against androgen-independent prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo; thus, supporting the clinical investigation of irofulven against hormone-refractory prostate cancer.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / administration & dosage
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / pharmacology*
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / pharmacology*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Docetaxel
  • Drug Synergism
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Nude
  • Mitoxantrone / administration & dosage
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Sesquiterpenes / administration & dosage
  • Sesquiterpenes / pharmacology*
  • Taxoids / administration & dosage
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating
  • Sesquiterpenes
  • Taxoids
  • Docetaxel
  • irofulven
  • Mitoxantrone