Exophthalmos in obesity

Ophthalmic Res. 2004 Mar-Apr;36(2):78-81. doi: 10.1159/000076885.

Abstract

Aims: To establish the relationship between exophthalmos and obesity.

Methods: A group of 19 obese patients (body mass index, BMI >/=30 kg/m(2)) was compared with a control group of 45 nonobese individuals (26 > BMI >/= 20 kg/m(2)). Both groups underwent Hertel's exophthalmometry, Goldmann applanation tonometry and measurement of the medial rectus muscle by echography.

Results: Obese patients had higher Hertel values and enlarged medial rectus muscle diameter (p < 0.05). Indeed, bilateral exophthalmos was observed in 33% of obese subjects. However, this did not cause any ocular morbidity. In some cases the difference in intraocular pressure was enlarged but together with the exophthalmos not statistically significant.

Conclusions: Standard values for exophthalmometry and orbital echography may have to be adapted for obese individuals. In several cases the eye signs had a remarkable resemblance to patients with Graves' orbitopathy. So in each patient with bilateral exophthalmos and eye signs suspicious of Graves' orbitopathy obesity should be considered as a possible cause.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Body Mass Index
  • Exophthalmos / complications*
  • Exophthalmos / diagnosis
  • Female
  • Graves Disease / complications
  • Graves Disease / diagnosis
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Manometry
  • Middle Aged
  • Obesity / complications*
  • Obesity / diagnosis
  • Oculomotor Muscles / diagnostic imaging
  • Ultrasonography