QO site deficiency can be compensated by extragenic mutations in the hinge region of the iron-sulfur protein in the bc1 complex of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

J Biol Chem. 2004 Jun 4;279(23):24203-11. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M311576200. Epub 2004 Mar 23.

Abstract

The mitochondrial bc(1) complex catalyzes the oxidation of ubiquinol and the reduction of cytochrome (cyt) c. The cyt b mutation A144F has been introduced in yeast by the biolistic method. This residue is located in the cyt b cd(1) amphipathic helix in the quinol-oxidizing (Q(O)) site. The resulting mutant was respiration-deficient and was affected in the quinol binding and electron transfer rates at the Q(O) site. An intragenic suppressor mutation was selected (A144F+F179L) that partially alleviated the defect of quinol oxidation of the original mutant A144F. The suppressor mutation F179L, located at less than 4 A from A144F, is likely to compensate directly the steric hindrance caused by phenylalanine at position 144. A second set of suppressor mutations was obtained, which also partially restored the quinol oxidation activity of the bc(1) complex. They were located about 20 A from A144F in the hinge region of the iron-sulfur protein (ISP) between residues 85 and 92. This flexible region is crucial for the movement of the ISP between cyt b and cyt c(1) during enzyme turnover. Our results suggested that the compensatory effect of the mutations in ISP was due to the repositioning of this subunit on cyt b during quinol oxidation. This genetic and biochemical study thus revealed the close interaction between the cyt b cd(1) helix in the quinol-oxidizing Q(O) site and the ISP via the flexible hinge region and that fine-tuning of the Q(O) site catalysis can be achieved by subtle changes in the linker domain of the ISP.

MeSH terms

  • Binding Sites
  • Catalysis
  • Cell Division
  • Cytochromes / chemistry
  • Cytochromes b / chemistry
  • Cytochromes c1 / chemistry
  • Electron Transport
  • Electron Transport Complex III / genetics*
  • Electrons
  • Iron-Sulfur Proteins / chemistry*
  • Iron-Sulfur Proteins / metabolism
  • Kinetics
  • Mitochondria / metabolism
  • Models, Molecular
  • Mutation*
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Oxygen / metabolism
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / genetics*
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / metabolism

Substances

  • Cytochromes
  • Iron-Sulfur Proteins
  • Cytochromes b
  • Cytochromes c1
  • Electron Transport Complex III
  • Oxygen