A new strategy for the prevention of IgA anaphylactic transfusion reactions

Transfusion. 2004 Apr;44(4):509-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2004.03316.x.

Abstract

Background: Management of patients with clinically significant anti-IgA is difficult and unsatisfactory in many aspects.

Patients and method: A 40-year-old man with common variable immunodeficiency had a previous history of anaphylaxis after an intramuscular immunoglobulin administration. His serum contained anti-IgA, and he required immunoglobulins for recurrent infections.

Results: The administration of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIgG) containing less than 0.1 mg per mL IgA led to an anaphylactic reaction after the transfusion of only 2 to 3 mL. The same IVIgG charge was subsequently pretreated with freshly separated autologous plasma and given to the patient on three consecutive days without any reaction (1.25, 10, and 10 g each in 400 mL plasma). Anti-IgA activity did not increase, and the patient was treated again without complications.

Discussion: Ex vivo pretreatment of IVIgG preparations with autologous plasma appears to be safe and useful in the management of patients with clinically significant anti-IgA. To achieve a significant IgA blockage, the preparation to be used should not contain large amounts of IgA.

Conclusion: The strategy described here appears to be safe and may help prevent anaphylaxis in many instances.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anaphylaxis / etiology
  • Anaphylaxis / immunology
  • Anaphylaxis / prevention & control*
  • Blood Transfusion, Autologous
  • Common Variable Immunodeficiency / complications
  • Common Variable Immunodeficiency / therapy
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin A / adverse effects*
  • Immunoglobulin A / immunology
  • Immunoglobulin A / therapeutic use
  • Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / adverse effects
  • Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / therapeutic use
  • Isoantibodies / blood
  • Male
  • Transfusion Reaction*

Substances

  • Immunoglobulin A
  • Immunoglobulins, Intravenous
  • Isoantibodies