Bax interacts with the voltage-dependent anion channel and mediates ethanol-induced apoptosis in rat hepatocytes

Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2004 Sep;287(3):G695-705. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00415.2003. Epub 2004 Mar 25.

Abstract

Acute ethanol exposure induces oxidative stress and apoptosis in primary rat hepatocytes. Previous data indicate that the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) is essential for ethanol-induced apoptosis. However, the mechanism by which ethanol induces the MPT remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of Bax, a proapoptotic Bcl-2 family protein, in acute ethanol-induced hepatocyte apoptosis. We found that Bax translocates from the cytosol to mitochondria before mitochondrial cytochrome c release. Bax translocation was oxidative stress dependent. Mitochondrial Bax formed a protein complex with the mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC). Prevention of Bax-VDAC interactions by a microinjection of anti-VDAC antibody effectively prevented hepatocyte apoptosis by ethanol. In conclusion, these data suggest that Bax translocation from the cytosol to mitochondria leads to the subsequent formation of a Bax-VDAC complex that plays a crucial role in acute ethanol-induced hepatocyte apoptosis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / drug effects*
  • Caspases / metabolism
  • Cell Membrane Permeability / drug effects
  • Cross-Linking Reagents
  • Cyclosporine / pharmacology
  • Cytochromes c / metabolism
  • Electrophysiology
  • Ethanol / pharmacology*
  • Hepatocytes / drug effects*
  • Hepatocytes / physiology*
  • Immunoblotting
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / pharmacology
  • In Vitro Techniques
  • Ion Channel Gating / drug effects
  • Ion Channel Gating / physiology*
  • Ion Channels / drug effects
  • Ion Channels / physiology*
  • Male
  • Microinjections
  • Mitochondria, Liver / drug effects
  • Mitochondria, Liver / enzymology
  • Oxidative Stress / physiology
  • Precipitin Tests
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / physiology*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
  • bcl-2-Associated X Protein

Substances

  • Bax protein, rat
  • Cross-Linking Reagents
  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Ion Channels
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • bcl-2-Associated X Protein
  • Ethanol
  • Cyclosporine
  • Cytochromes c
  • Caspases