The CEDIA Phenobarbital assay has been evaluated in twelve clinical laboratories in Europe and U.S.A. on Boehringer Mannheim/Hitachi analysis systems. The evaluation focused on the analysis of imprecision and accuracy. Within-run and between-day coefficients of variations of the new assay were comparable to those of established routine methods. As demonstrated in an interlaboratory survey study with controls and human sera, results obtained in different laboratories showed a good agreement. The CEDIA Phenobarbital assay measured very accurately, as particularly confirmed by comparison with HPLC. It can be recommended as a reliable and practicable test for monitoring of phenobarbital on Boehringer Mannheim/Hitachi analyzers used in routine clinical chemistry.