Papillary thyroid cancer is after ovarian cancer the most frequent malignant disease of the endocrine system and because of this fact, early detection and appropriate surgical treatment is essential. Radical surgical treatment lower the risk of the disease relapse and postoperative adjuvant therapy with radioiodine is possible as well as postoperative follow up with thyreoglobulin measurement. If the total thyroidectomy is performed in highly specialized institution the risk of postoperative complications is acceptable and therefore is the treatment of choice for papillary thyroid cancer. Only the patients with occult papillary thyroid cancer can be treated with hemithyroidectomy. In our series of 410 patients the majority of the patients (85.12%) were in the early phase of the disease and the degree of successfully performed radical surgery for papillary thyroid cancer was very high (tumor reduction was performed in only 1.46% of cases).