Verbal fluency over time as a measure of automatic and controlled processing in children with ADHD

Brain Cogn. 2004 Aug;55(3):535-44. doi: 10.1016/j.bandc.2004.03.003.

Abstract

The performance of ADHD children on semantic category fluency (SCF) versus initial letter fluency (ILF) tasks was examined. For each participant, word production was recorded for each 15-s time slice on each task. Performance on both fluency tasks was compared to test the hypothesis that children with ADHD are characterized by a performance deficit on the ILF task because performance on this task is less automated than performance on the SCF. Children classified with ADHD (N = 20) were compared to children with other psychopathology (N = 118) and healthy controls (N = 130). Results indicated that the groups could not be differentiated by the total number of words produced in 60 s in either fluency task. As hypothesized, a significant interaction of group by productivity over time by type of fluency task was found: ADHD children had more problems finding words in the first 15 s of the IFL than did children in the other two groups, and as compared with their performance on the SCF. Results were taken to indicate that children with ADHD symptoms show a delay in the development of automating skills for processing abstract verbal information.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Comparative Study
  • Controlled Clinical Trial

MeSH terms

  • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / physiopathology*
  • Child
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Language Development*
  • Male
  • Mental Disorders / physiopathology
  • Mental Processes / physiology*
  • Reaction Time / physiology
  • Reading
  • Reference Values
  • Semantics*
  • Speech*
  • Verbal Behavior / physiology*