Fertility and contraceptive issues after kidney transplantation in women

Transplant Proc. 2004 Jun;36(5):1405-6. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2004.04.090.

Abstract

Purpose: Our purpose was to investigate reproductive performance among kidney transplant recipients.

Materials and methods: We studied 126 kidney transplanted women 15 to 68 years of age including 33 who were single and 93 who were married.

Results: Infertility was seen in 10.4% of those who desired pregnancy, a rate similar to the general population. The most common method of contraception was coitus interruptus (56%), 22% of patients had tubal ligation, 6% had husbands who had vasectomies, 14% were using condoms, and only 2% used oral contraceptives. Among 33 pregnancies, 16 were unintended (48.5%). Most of the patients with unwanted pregnancy were using coitus interruptus (93.7%). In the group with unintended pregnancy, abortion was induced in three, spontaneous abortion or intrauterine fetal death occurred in six, and only seven pregnancies resulted in a live birth (43.7%).

Conclusion: Kidney transplantation greatly improves fertility, so those who do not desire pregnancy should be protected by an effective method of contraception.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Coitus Interruptus
  • Condoms
  • Contraception / methods
  • Female
  • Fertility / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Infertility, Female / epidemiology*
  • Kidney Transplantation / adverse effects
  • Kidney Transplantation / physiology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pregnancy
  • Sterilization, Tubal
  • Vasectomy