Racial/ethnic differences in the prevalence of depressive symptoms among middle-aged women: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN)

Am J Public Health. 2004 Aug;94(8):1378-85. doi: 10.2105/ajph.94.8.1378.

Abstract

Objectives: We examined racial/ethnic differences in significant depressive symptoms among middle-aged women before and after adjustment for socioeconomic, health-related, and psychosocial characteristics.

Methods: Racial/ethnic differences in unadjusted and adjusted prevalence of significant depressive symptoms (score >/= 16 on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression [CES-D] Scale) were assessed with univariate and multiple logistic regressions.

Results: Twenty-four percent of the sample had a CES-D score of 16 or higher. Unadjusted prevalence varied by race/ethnicity (P <.0001). After adjustment for covariates, racial/ethnic differences overall were no longer significant.

Conclusions: Hispanic and African American women had the highest odds, and Chinese and Japanese women had the lowest odds, for a CES-D score of 16 or higher. This variation is in part because of health-related and psychosocial factors that are linked to socioeconomic status.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Asian / ethnology
  • Asian / statistics & numerical data
  • Black or African American / ethnology
  • Black or African American / statistics & numerical data
  • China / ethnology
  • Climacteric / ethnology*
  • Depression / ethnology*
  • Female
  • Health Surveys
  • Hispanic or Latino / ethnology
  • Hispanic or Latino / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Japan / ethnology
  • Logistic Models
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Mental Health / statistics & numerical data
  • Middle Aged / psychology*
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Population Surveillance
  • Prevalence
  • Risk Factors
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • United States / epidemiology
  • White People / ethnology
  • White People / statistics & numerical data
  • Women / psychology*
  • Women's Health / ethnology