Abstract
Protollin is a novel adjuvant comprising Proteosomes non-covalently complexed with LPS. Intranasal immunization of mice with Protollin combined with detergent-split influenza antigens (HA) or recombinant influenza hemagglutinin (rHA) enhanced serum IgG and mucosal IgA levels by up to 250-fold compared with immunization with the antigens alone. IFN-gamma responses were also enhanced compared to the levels produced by splenocytes from mice immunized with antigen alone, while production of IL-5 was abrogated. Mice immunized with Protollin-rHA were completely protected against lethal challenge with influenza virus, demonstrating that Protollin is an effective mucosal adjuvant for prophylactic vaccines.
MeSH terms
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Adjuvants, Immunologic / pharmacology*
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Administration, Intranasal
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Animals
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Antibodies, Viral / analysis
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Antibodies, Viral / biosynthesis
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Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
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Cysteine Endopeptidases / pharmacology*
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Cytokines / analysis
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Cytokines / biosynthesis
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Drug Carriers
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Drug Combinations
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Female
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Hemagglutinins / analysis
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Hemagglutinins / immunology
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Immunity, Mucosal / drug effects*
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Immunoglobulin A / analysis
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Immunoglobulin A / biosynthesis
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Immunoglobulin G / analysis
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Immunoglobulin G / biosynthesis
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Influenza Vaccines / therapeutic use
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Lipopolysaccharides / immunology
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Lipopolysaccharides / pharmacology*
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Liposomes
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Orthomyxoviridae Infections / immunology
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Orthomyxoviridae Infections / prevention & control
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Spleen / cytology
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Vaccines / administration & dosage
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Vaccines / immunology*
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Vaccines, Synthetic / administration & dosage
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Vaccines, Synthetic / immunology
Substances
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Adjuvants, Immunologic
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Antibodies, Viral
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Cytokines
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Drug Carriers
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Drug Combinations
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Hemagglutinins
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Immunoglobulin A
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Immunoglobulin G
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Influenza Vaccines
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Lipopolysaccharides
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Liposomes
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Protollin
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Vaccines
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Vaccines, Synthetic
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Cysteine Endopeptidases