Regulation of DNA binding of p53 by its C-terminal domain

J Mol Biol. 2004 Sep 17;342(3):801-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2004.07.042.

Abstract

The tumor suppressor p53 is a tetrameric multi-domain transcription factor. Its C-terminal domain is thought to regulate the binding of its core domain to specific recognition sequences in promoters. The mechanism of regulation by the C-terminal domain and the role of its post-translational modification are controversial. We have examined the binding of DNA in solution to a series of unmodified p53 constructs that lack various domains. The specific DNA sequences bind tightly to the core domain, irrespective of whether or not the C-terminal domain is part of the construct. Unmodified p53 is accordingly an active DNA binding protein. Non-specific DNA sequences do not inhibit directly the binding of the specific sequences to the core but bind to the C terminus and inhibit p53 via that binding mode. Using NMR, we identified the residues of the C terminus that interact with the non-specific DNA. They include residues that are known to be modified post-translationally. Our data provide direct support for the regulatory role of the C terminus in the activity of p53 and show that p53 containing the unmodified C terminus actively binds to short double-stranded DNA.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Base Sequence
  • Binding Sites
  • Binding, Competitive
  • DNA / genetics
  • DNA / metabolism*
  • Fluorescence Polarization
  • Humans
  • In Vitro Techniques
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular
  • Nuclear Proteins / genetics
  • Protein Processing, Post-Translational
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / genetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2
  • Recombinant Proteins / chemistry
  • Recombinant Proteins / genetics
  • Recombinant Proteins / metabolism
  • Sequence Deletion
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / chemistry*
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / genetics
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism*

Substances

  • Nuclear Proteins
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
  • DNA
  • MDM2 protein, human
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2