Objectives: To determine whether psychological variables, particularly depression, influence patients' willingness to share medical decisions with family members or friends.
Design: Cross-sectional interviews.
Setting: Oncology and general geriatrics outpatient clinics of an urban VA medical center.
Participants: Ninety-five patients with a Charlson comorbidity index score greater than 5.
Measurements: Subjects described the way that they make health care decisions with friends or family as a dichotomous variable ("shared" versus "not shared") and as a 5-point ordinal variable (the degree to which they share decisions). Patients also completed the 15-item version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), the Global Distress Index of the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale, and selected tests of cognitive function and health literacy.
Results: Patients with a GDS score higher than 5 were more likely to share decision-making (16/26 versus 26/69; odds ratio 2.58; p = 0.040), as were patients who were married (23/35 versus 19/60; odds ratio 3.63; p = 0.001). In multivariable regression models, a short form GDS score higher than 5 was independently associated with a willingness to share decision with others.
Conclusion: These results suggest that depression may have a clinically significant influence on patients' willingness to share health care decisions with others. Health care providers should be alert to this possibility, particularly when the decision at hand is significant.