Highly infectious SARS-CoV pseudotyped virus reveals the cell tropism and its correlation with receptor expression

Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004 Sep 3;321(4):994-1000. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.07.060.

Abstract

Studies of SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-the causative agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-have been hampered by its high transmission rate and the pathogenicity of this virus. To permit analysis of the host range and entry mechanism of SARS-CoV, we incorporated the humanized SARS-CoV spike (S) glycoprotein into HIV particles to generate a highly infectious SARS-CoV pseudotyped virus. The infection on Vero E6-a permissive cell line to SARS-CoV-could be neutralized by sera from convalescent SARS patients, and the entry was a pH-dependent process. With these highly infectious SARS-CoV pseudotypes, several cell lines derived from various tissues were revealed as susceptible to SARS-CoV, which were highly corresponding to the expression pattern of virus's receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). In addition, we also demonstrated angiotensin 1 converting enzyme (ACE)-the homologue of ACE2 could not function as a receptor for SARS-CoV.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
  • Animals
  • Base Sequence
  • Carboxypeptidases / genetics
  • Carboxypeptidases / physiology
  • Cell Line
  • Chimera / genetics
  • Chlorocebus aethiops
  • DNA, Recombinant / genetics
  • Gene Expression
  • Genes, Viral
  • HIV / genetics
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Membrane Glycoproteins / genetics
  • Mice
  • Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
  • Receptors, Virus / genetics
  • Receptors, Virus / physiology
  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / genetics
  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / pathogenicity*
  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / physiology
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
  • Vero Cells
  • Viral Envelope Proteins / genetics
  • Virulence / genetics
  • Virulence / physiology
  • Virus Assembly

Substances

  • DNA, Recombinant
  • Membrane Glycoproteins
  • Receptors, Virus
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
  • Viral Envelope Proteins
  • spike glycoprotein, SARS-CoV
  • Carboxypeptidases
  • Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
  • ACE2 protein, human
  • Ace2 protein, mouse
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2