Abstract
Studies of SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-the causative agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-have been hampered by its high transmission rate and the pathogenicity of this virus. To permit analysis of the host range and entry mechanism of SARS-CoV, we incorporated the humanized SARS-CoV spike (S) glycoprotein into HIV particles to generate a highly infectious SARS-CoV pseudotyped virus. The infection on Vero E6-a permissive cell line to SARS-CoV-could be neutralized by sera from convalescent SARS patients, and the entry was a pH-dependent process. With these highly infectious SARS-CoV pseudotypes, several cell lines derived from various tissues were revealed as susceptible to SARS-CoV, which were highly corresponding to the expression pattern of virus's receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). In addition, we also demonstrated angiotensin 1 converting enzyme (ACE)-the homologue of ACE2 could not function as a receptor for SARS-CoV.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
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Animals
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Base Sequence
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Carboxypeptidases / genetics
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Carboxypeptidases / physiology
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Cell Line
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Chimera / genetics
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Chlorocebus aethiops
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DNA, Recombinant / genetics
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Gene Expression
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Genes, Viral
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HIV / genetics
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Humans
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Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
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Membrane Glycoproteins / genetics
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Mice
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Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
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Receptors, Virus / genetics
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Receptors, Virus / physiology
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / genetics
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / pathogenicity*
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / physiology
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Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
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Vero Cells
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Viral Envelope Proteins / genetics
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Virulence / genetics
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Virulence / physiology
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Virus Assembly
Substances
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DNA, Recombinant
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Membrane Glycoproteins
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Receptors, Virus
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Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
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Viral Envelope Proteins
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spike glycoprotein, SARS-CoV
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Carboxypeptidases
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Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
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ACE2 protein, human
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Ace2 protein, mouse
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Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2