Abstract
The cytidine deaminase hAPOBEC3G is an antiviral human factor that counteracts the replication of HIV-1 in absence of the Vif protein. hAPOBEC3G is packaged into virus particles and lethally hypermutates HIV-1. In this work, we examine the mechanisms governing hAPOBEC3G packaging. By GST pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation assays, we show that hAPOBEC3G binds to HIV-1 Pr55 Gag and its NC domain and to the RT and IN domains contained in Pr160 Gag-Pol. We demonstrate that the expression of HIV-1 Gag is sufficient to induce the packaging of hAPOBEC3G into Gag particles. Gag-Pol polypeptides containing RT and IN domains, as well as HIV-1 genomic RNA, seem not to be necessary for hAPOBEC3G packaging. Lastly, we show that hAPOBEC3G and its murine ortholog are packaged into HIV-1 and MLV Gag particles. We conclude that the Gag polypeptides from distant retroviruses have conserved domains allowing the packaging of the host antiviral factor APOBEC3G.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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APOBEC-3G Deaminase
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Animals
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Cytidine Deaminase
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Gene Products, gag / genetics
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Gene Products, gag / metabolism*
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HIV-1 / genetics
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HIV-1 / physiology
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HeLa Cells
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Humans
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Leukemia Virus, Murine / genetics
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Leukemia Virus, Murine / metabolism*
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Mice
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Nucleoside Deaminases
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Protein Isoforms / genetics
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Protein Isoforms / metabolism
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Protein Precursors / genetics
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Protein Precursors / metabolism*
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Protein Structure, Tertiary
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Proteins / genetics
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Proteins / metabolism*
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins / genetics
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins / metabolism
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Repressor Proteins
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Virion / chemistry
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Virion / metabolism*
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Virus Replication
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gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
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pol Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Substances
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Gene Products, gag
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Protein Isoforms
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Protein Precursors
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Proteins
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins
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Repressor Proteins
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gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
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p55 gag precursor protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1
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pol Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
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pr160 gag-pol precursor protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1
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Nucleoside Deaminases
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APOBEC-3G Deaminase
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APOBEC3G protein, human
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Cytidine Deaminase