Abstract
Marginal zone (MZ) B cells are thought to be responsible for the first wave of Abs against bacterial Ags. In this study, we assessed the in vivo response of MZ B cells in mice immunized with viral particles derived from the RNA phage Qbeta. We found that both follicular (FO) and MZ B cells responded to immunization with viral particles. MZ B cells responded with slightly faster kinetics, but numerically, FO B cells dominated the response. B1 B cells responded similarly to MZ B cells. Both MZ and FO B cells underwent isotype switching, with MZ B cells again exhibiting faster kinetics. In fact, almost all Qbeta-specific MZ B cells expressed surface IgG by day 5. Histological analysis demonstrated that a population of activated B cells remain associated with the MZ, probably due to the elevated integrin levels expressed by these cells. Thus, both MZ and FO B cells respond with rapid proliferation to viral infection and both populations undergo isotype switching, but MZ B cells remain in the MZ and may be responsible for local Ab production, opsonizing pathogens entering the spleen.
MeSH terms
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Allolevivirus / immunology*
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Allolevivirus / metabolism
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Animals
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Antigens, CD / biosynthesis
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B-Lymphocyte Subsets / cytology
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B-Lymphocyte Subsets / immunology*
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B-Lymphocyte Subsets / metabolism
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B-Lymphocyte Subsets / virology*
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Biomarkers / analysis
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Female
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Flow Cytometry
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Germinal Center / cytology
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Germinal Center / immunology
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Germinal Center / metabolism
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Germinal Center / virology
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Immunoglobulin Class Switching
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Immunoglobulin G / biosynthesis
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Immunoglobulin M / biosynthesis
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Integrin alpha4beta1 / biosynthesis
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Lymphocyte Cooperation / immunology
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Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 / biosynthesis
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Membrane Glycoproteins / biosynthesis
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred C57BL
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Mice, Knockout
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Receptors, Virus / metabolism
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Spleen / cytology
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Spleen / immunology*
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Spleen / metabolism
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Spleen / virology*
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T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / immunology
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T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / virology
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Tetraspanin 29
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Time Factors
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Up-Regulation / immunology
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Virion / immunology*
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Virion / metabolism
Substances
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Antigens, CD
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Biomarkers
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Cd9 protein, mouse
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Immunoglobulin G
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Immunoglobulin M
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Integrin alpha4beta1
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Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1
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Membrane Glycoproteins
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Receptors, Virus
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Tetraspanin 29