Bcl-2 family members localize to tobacco chloroplasts and inhibit programmed cell death induced by chloroplast-targeted herbicides

J Exp Bot. 2004 Dec;55(408):2617-23. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erh275. Epub 2004 Oct 8.

Abstract

In mammalian cells, apoptosis is often mediated via organelles. While apoptotic-like cell death occurs in plants, the mechanistic details are unresolved. Transgenic tobacco plants have been generated that harbour selected animal anti-apoptotic genes. Subcellular fractionation followed by western blot analysis indicated that chloroplasts serve as a location for these animal anti-apoptotic proteins in addition to the established mitochondrial location. To explore the functional significance of this observation, tobacco plants were treated with three chloroplast-directed herbicides. Wild-type plants died and exhibited features associated with apoptosis. Transgenic plants survived and did not show any apoptotic-like characteristics. Moreover, the herbicide-induced apoptotic-like cell death was light requiring. It was concluded that chloroplasts may be involved in mediating certain types of plant programmed cell death.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Apoptosis / genetics
  • Apoptosis / physiology*
  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins
  • Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / genetics
  • Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / metabolism
  • Chickens
  • Chloroplasts / drug effects
  • Chloroplasts / genetics
  • Chloroplasts / metabolism*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
  • Genes, bcl-2 / genetics
  • Genes, bcl-2 / physiology*
  • Herbicides / pharmacology*
  • Humans
  • Multigene Family / physiology*
  • Nicotiana / drug effects
  • Nicotiana / genetics*
  • Nicotiana / ultrastructure
  • Plants, Genetically Modified
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / genetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / genetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / metabolism
  • bcl-X Protein

Substances

  • Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins
  • BCL2L1 protein, human
  • Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins
  • Ced-9 protein, C elegans
  • Herbicides
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
  • bcl-X Protein